Microbes revision

Here are the main points that you should be comfortable with for the test on monday:
Q1. People still die from infections for several reasons - They might not have access to medicine, the pathogens might be resistant to the medicine, or their bodies' defences might not work as they should (skin, stomach acid, immune system).
Q2. The celebrity could pick up an infection in several ways - eating or drinking contaminated food, being bitten by insects, from animals like mice or rats, from other people (coughing etc.) or by cutting hersef as in question 3.
Q3. Macrophages try to engulf the bacteria, if they don't succeed white blood cells try engulfing the bacteria and then exploding, and finally antibodies can join to the outside of the bacteria (with the antiibody joining to the antigen).
Q4. b, d, a, e, c.
Q5.
a. Some rabbits live in a field.  This is their habitat.
b. A stream flows through a field and many species live there.  The living things and their enivronment from an ecosystem.
c. Lots of different species live in the field so it has a high biodiversity.
d. The total mass of living things there is the biomass.

Q6. Grass, grasshopper, snake owl.
Grass is the producer.
Snake and grasshopper OR owl and snake.

Q7. a. More pike will cause the number of perch to decrease.
       b. The pike would eat the perch, which would leave less for the heron so they wouldn't visit the pond as  much.

Key points:
Make sure youre happy with the four types  of microbes we've looked at - bacteria fungi, viruses, protozoa.  Knowing some good and bad things they can do would also be useful.

Understand the different steps in our bodies fighting microbes - skin, stomach acid, and the immune system (which also has three parts - macrophages, white blood cells and antibodies).

Know how food chains/webs work and how to make predictions using them.  Make sure you can draw them with the arrows going from the PREY to the PREDATOR.

Understand what biomass pyramids represent, and what a normal one looks like.

Good luck!

Food webs

We will be looking at food webs today, continuing on from what we started last lesson.  Use the links below to help you answer the following questions:

1. Complete the food web activity on this link - http://www.gould.edu.au/foodwebs/antarctic.htm .  Click on the answer image once you're done to help you with the next questions.
2. Name three different animals in the antarctic food web.
3. What gets the energy from the sun for the Antarctic food web?  What are organisms that do this called?
4. Which way do the arrows always go in food webs/chains (from what to what)?
5. Imagine that there were more Emperor penguins born in a certain year by chance.  List five other animals this would affect, and whether their numbers would increase or decrease.
6. What is the difference between phytoplankton and zooplankton? Name one similarity as well.
7. How many animals would be affected if phytoplankton became less common?
8. Find out what a 'keystone species' is and give a definition in your book

http://www.coolantarctica.com/Antarctica%20fact%20file/wildlife/whales/food%20web.htm -  Information on the types of animals and a good diagram of the  antarctic food web.


Complete this crossword once you've finished the questions - http://www.ntscience.co.uk/science-crossword/7c-environment3j.html


One last activity, highest score will get an achievement point! - http://puzzling.caret.cam.ac.uk/game.php?game=foodchain